Rohingya Crisis Explained : Latest Development and History of Issue

Complete Rohingya Issue : History, Current Crisis and International Reponse

1. Who are Rohingya People, Where Do they Live
   • Rohingya people reside in Myanmar Rakhine State which borders with Bangladesh and opens to Bay of Bengal.
   • These peoples are mostly muslims – Sunni and considered as stateless i.e. Myanmar do not provide them the citizenship, they consider them as non origin of country.
     
2. Why Rohingya are Discriminated in Myanmar
   • To understand why Myanmar government do not consider them as their citizen lets go to history of origin of these poeple, as they are not considered as the original habitants of Rakhine State and considered them as illilag migrants from Bangaladesh as most of them speak Bengali.
   • Majority people are Buddhist in Myanmar along with other tribes, Rohingya are around 10lac in number and most of them reside in Rakhine State itself.
   • There are more then 100 Ethnic Groups in the Myanmar however as per 1982 Declaration only Rohingyas are Considered as State less, these are the few Measure Ethnic Groups in Myanmar -Bamar, Shan, Karen, Rakhine, Kachin, Chin, Karenni, Mon, Wa, Kokanga Chinese etc.
   • 1982 Citizenship Law :
     • This law basically declared them illegal migrants as it states that people who migrated before 1823 and those belong to majority Burman, Kachin, Kayah Karen chin etc qualify for the citizenship.
     • There are other ways to get citizenship in country however those ways are just impossible to get citizenship.
   • There are numerous restrictions on them like
     • Restriction on their movement
     • Access to Economy.
     • Education, Health, Marriage and other social services which kept them under poverty.
3. Real Origin of Rohingya People
   • Myanmar Government believe that Rohingya people are Bengali which migrated as part of Britsh Rule after it defauted the Burmese King in 1826.
   • However Rohingyas considered them back to 15th century.
4. History of Their Existence and Acceptance by Myanmar Government
   • There are various reference in 1948 citizenship act to prove that they are accepted as citizens.
   • Burmas first President U Nu in 1954 considered Rohingya as ethnics of Burma.
   • From 1961 to 1965 there programs on rohigya etc,
   • 1962 military rules also quite accepted them as their citizens
   • untill 2010 they had the voting rights.
   • in 1989 – under new National Scrinity Card was introduced which implemented the citizenship as of 1982 and considered them as non-citizens
   • Rohingy parties tool part in few of the elections however after 2015 they are not entitled for the elections.
     
5. Current Crisis : Migration of Rohingya People from Myanmar
   • Rape Issue in 2012 :
     • There was gang rape of a budhist girl in 2012 which tiggerred violence and lead to burning of homes of rohingyas.
     • This started flee of Rohingya to nearby countries.
   • 2015 : Systematically Isolation of Ethnic Minority
     • This started after return of democracy in Myanmar which resulted in migration of ROhingyas to nearby countries.
   • 2016-2017 : Myanmar Military Attack on Rohingyas
     • Military started attacking the rohingya people , started torturing.
     • Many people were died, arrested, houses were burnt, women gang raped.
     • 2 25th August, 2017 Attack on military started the violence again by Rohingya Salvation Army where more then 50 military and police man died which lead to violence.
     • As of today more then 2 lac poeple have migrated to Bangla Desh, Malasiya, Thailand, India etc.
6. What is being Done to Handle the Crisis
   • In August, 2016 UN established the 9 member commission lead by Kofi Annan which suggested to edit the 1982 citizenship law and provide them the enqual status.
   • Myanmar Government always reluctant to talk to Rohingya people so there is no work done from their side.
7. World Response About Rohingya Issue
   • UN Response :
   • • UN council has always critized the Myanmar Government even there are meeting planned to discuss and resolve the issue, to put pressure on Myanmar.
     • Bali Declaration which held recently for sustainble development goal full fillment by Democratic Countries criticized and pass resolution to help the Rohingya Community.
   • ASEAN Response :
     • There is no proper pressure from ASEAN countries however Bangaladesh being the most affected state has urged the international community and other countries to put the pressure on Myanmar.
   • Bangaladesh :
     Most affected nation have more then 1 lac of refugees.
   • USA :
     It has 13000 refugees.
8. India’s Response : Why India is not Openly Supporting Rohingyas
   • 40000 refugess are staying in India in various state.
   • In 2012 Indian External minister donated 1 million dollar.
   • India consider the Rohingya Issue as their internal matter.
   • External Affairs Minister Kiren Rijju Statement –
     • He put rohingya as illelgal migrants
     • even planned to deport them back.
     • Reasons it has given is Internal Security.
     • This was Internally condemned.
   • Escape from Bali Declarations, aug 2017
     • India did not participated in the bali declaration on sustainable gold achievement.
   • PM Modi Visit to Myanmar – Sept, 2017
     • He did not mentioned the Rohingya Crisis during his visit termed as internal Matters of Myanmar.
   • Why India is trying to Keep Away from the issue
     • Consider the internal matter of Myanmar.
     • Expect ASEAN to resolve the issue.
     • India want good relation with Myanmar under Look Eas Policy.

Hindu Editorial and Other News Items About Rohigya Issue :-

1. There is a Rohingya in Everyone – 10th Sept, Hindu Editorial
   • Article Talks about more of India’s Stand on the Rohingya – India has determined to deport the 40k muslims illigally migrated to India
   • Reasons Why India is Against the Move –
     • It sees security concern due to presence of Rohingya
     • These people are not refugee – they are mostly illegally migrants
   • International Stands
     • Various Human rights Organization like Amnesty have opposed the move which is against the wish of IOM -UN ‘s resolution of refugee.
     • Bangaldesh has the highest number of illegal Migrants
   • Writer’s Intent to Oppose Indian Government Move
     • It is against the Indian culture to disown the needy human being – India is always respected for its humanitarian move.
     • Example of Pandit Neharu, Mother Teresa kind heart is given.
     • Being Human – as human being which is put in our constitutional FRs to provide right to live for all human beings.
     • Article Link : http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-opinion/there-is-a-rohingya-in-all-of-us/article19627155.ece